The greater proportion of bitumen used in road construction today, is obtain from crude petroleum. It is obtained by fractional distillation process, in which the simpler components of the crude petroleum such as white sprit, kerosene, fuel oil, light, medium and heavy lubricating oil which have lower boiling points are evaporated, leaving behind the bitumen.
According to Indian standards institution, “Bitumen can be defined as a non crystalline solid or viscous material having adhesive properties. It is derived from crude petroleum, either by natural or refinery processes. It is substantially soluble in carbon disulphide”. Bitumen is black or in color if may occur naturally as explain earlier but is usually obtained as end-product from distillation of or as extracts selected petroleum oils.
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